Evidence briefings

Age segregation in housing has increased in recent decades, with less likelihood of older and younger adults sharing the same residential area. New research shows that age segregation is higher in areas where housing is least affordable, potentially challenging social cohesion.

Over the next 20 years the number of people with two or more chronic conditions will almost double to nearly 10 million, increasing the demands on health and social care services. Multiple illnesses need to be given higher priority in healthcare planning and funding.

Young Syrian refugees in the UK have relatively high levels of skills and training, but many remain unemployed or over-qualified for the jobs they acquire. Targeted intervention is needed to integrate Syrian refugees and benefit from their skills contribution in society.

Bespoke customs union, the Chequers proposal, a Canada deal, association agreement or no deal: An at-a-glance overview of the different options and their likely impact.

Start-ups are crucial to the growth of the UK economy, with nearly 600,000 companies established last year – but support is needed to sustain local businesses beyond the start-up phase.

Research evidence shows that changes in female employment have helped to mitigate the trend of rising income inequality, but in families where the mother is the sole breadwinner the risk of poverty is high.

The Soft Drinks Industry Levy was implemented in April 2018 as a response to concerns about rising childhood and teenage obesity. Will the levy lead to the anticipated outcomes of reduced sugar consumption and improved health, or will it have unintended consequences?

Whether or not a student leaves home to study is strongly influenced by social and ethnic background, affecting career choices and local retention of skills after studies.

Cities worldwide are increasingly embedding smart technology to gather and analyse data, with global 'smart city' revenue expected to grow to $88.7 billion by 2025. Smart cities have a huge potential for improving sustainability, but are currently limited by market-focused economic models.

Increased investment in national and local infrastructure across the UK is fundamental to increasing productivity and economic growth. There is a pressing need to adopt a broad, integrated approach to infrastructure planning, valuation and engineering.