Evidence briefings

By the end of 2015 an estimated 1,008,616 people had reached Europe by sea, more than 84% of them from refugee-producing countries. This report presents questionnaire responses on refugee and migrant reception from Greece, Sicily and Malta, and interviews with migrants and key informants in related sectors.

Rebalancing the economy and closing the productivity gap between Northern cities and London demands radical reform of Britain's political economy, reducing London's dominance.

There are significant geographical differences in UK productivity, which largely may be caused by differences within cities' industry sectors – such as the amount of start-ups and innovation.

University collaborations are valuable for innovation, and new research shows significant benefits for businesses building relationships with universities beyond their local area.

The Government's Industrial Strategy encourages cutting-edge research. There is a need for updated regulation of research ethics to address potential risk scenarios.

Moving to a low-carbon economy is an important part of the Government's Industrial Strategy. A large-scale uptake of electric cars will enable significant cuts in carbon emissions, but needs policy support.

Research evidence urges caution in using local-level innovation policy to drive local economic growth.

The proposed boundary changes for Parliamentary constituencies aim to provide greater equality for the electorate, but will entail significant redrawing of boundaries and changes in constituency demographics.

After the referendum vote to leave the European Union, important policy decisions remain about the model for the UK’s future relationship with the EU – whether to remain in the single market, opt for EEA, a free trade agreement or independent WTO membership.

The risks and benefits of social media use in the armed forces need to be identified by senior staff and policymakers, to develop effective guidance and secure best practice.